Most people have no idea how much Colorado’s gun laws changed in 2025. Seriously. The state just passed a bunch of major regulations that take effect at different times throughout 2026. Some of them might surprise you. Let’s break down exactly what you need to know.
What Are Colorado’s Big 2026 Changes?
Colorado is making major shifts to how people buy, own, and carry firearms. Three new laws are rolling out with different deadlines. The first one just hit on January 1, 2026. Two more will arrive later in the year. These aren’t minor tweaks. They’re significant changes that affect pretty much anyone interested in gun ownership.
Stay with me here. Understanding these changes is important, whether you’re thinking about buying a gun or you already own one.
The Three Key Laws Coming in 2026
Law One: New Gun Show Rules (Effective January 1, 2026)
Gun shows are now way more regulated. House Bill 25-1238 just went into effect. Here’s what changed.
If you run a gun show, you now have to submit a security plan to local law enforcement at least 14 days before your event. That’s a big new requirement. You also need $1 million in liability insurance. Gun show promoters have to keep video surveillance of parking areas for six months. And here’s the important part: you have to verify that everyone who buys a firearm completes Colorado’s three-day waiting period before they leave.
What are the penalties? If you violate these rules, you’re facing a class 2 misdemeanor charge. That could mean jail time and fines. Violate it again, and it becomes a class 1 misdemeanor. Repeat violations could get you banned from organizing gun shows for five years.
Not sure what counts as a violation? Pretty much not following any of these new requirements falls into that category.
Law Two: Semiautomatic Firearm Restrictions (Effective August 1, 2026)
Okay, pause. Read this carefully. This is the big one.
Senate Bill 25-003 basically creates a permit system for most semiautomatic rifles. Starting August 1, 2026, you can’t legally buy or sell certain semiautomatic firearms unless you jump through some hoops first.
Here’s what you need to do. You have to get a Firearm Safety Course Eligibility Card from your county sheriff. To get that card, you need to pass a background check. You need to take a firearms safety course (either a basic course or an extended course). You also need to pay fees. Then you can buy that semiautomatic rifle.
Sound complicated? It’s actually more restrictive than you might think. The law applies to semiautomatic rifles that accept detachable magazines. So AR-15s, AK-style rifles, and similar firearms are affected. Shotguns and most hunting rifles aren’t affected. Most handguns aren’t affected either. But many modern rifles? Yeah, they’re covered.
Existing gun owners can keep the firearms they already have. But if you want to sell, transfer, or buy a semiautomatic rifle that falls under this law, the new rules apply.
Law Three: Ammunition Age Restrictions (Effective July 1, 2026)
Here’s another major change. Starting July 1, 2026, you have to be at least 21 years old to buy ammunition. Period. No exceptions for younger adults.
And there’s more. Gun shops have to keep ammunition locked up or behind the counter. You can’t just grab it off a shelf. A clerk has to help you get it. This applies whether you’re buying at a gun show or a regular store.
What About Concealed Carry Permits?
Colorado has had concealed carry permits for years. But the rules got stricter in 2025, and those changes are still happening now.
To get a concealed carry permit, you have to be at least 21 years old. That’s non-negotiable. You also need to be a legal Colorado resident. And here’s the training requirement: as of July 1, 2025, you must complete an 8-hour in-person training class with live-fire instruction.
You read that right. Eight hours. In person. With actual shooting involved. The instructor has to be certified and registered with your county sheriff.
Not sure if you meet the requirements? The basic eligibility checklist includes: being at least 21, being a Colorado resident, not being prohibited by state or federal law from owning a firearm, and completing that training. Your sheriff can still deny your permit even if you meet all these requirements. They have discretion based on safety concerns.
When you renew your permit (they last five years), you need a 2-hour refresher course with live fire. Honestly, this is the part most people miss. They think their old permit just renews automatically. It doesn’t work that way anymore.
Magazine Restrictions You Need to Know
Colorado has banned high-capacity magazines for over a decade. But let’s be clear about what that means.
You can’t buy or sell new magazines that hold more than 15 rounds. That’s been the law since 2013. If you owned magazines with more than 15 rounds before July 2013, you can keep them. But you can’t buy new ones.
This applies to all firearms. Handguns, rifles, shotguns. Doesn’t matter. Fifteen rounds is the limit for new magazines.
Why did Colorado do this? The law came after the Aurora theater shooting in 2012. High-capacity magazines allow someone to fire many rounds without reloading. Colorado lawmakers decided to limit that.
Where You Can and Cannot Carry
This one’s important. Colorado laws about where you can carry get really specific.
You cannot carry any firearm (open or concealed) in certain places. Government buildings are off-limits. That includes state legislative buildings, local government buildings, and courthouses. Violating this is a class 1 misdemeanor. You’re looking at up to 364 days in jail and/or up to $1,000 in fines.
Schools and childcare facilities are also gun-free zones. Same penalties apply. Exception: if you’re picking up or dropping off a kid, you can have a gun in the parking lot if you have a concealed carry permit.
Denver has its own rules that are stricter. You cannot openly carry a firearm in Denver. Period. You need a concealed carry permit to carry any firearm there, and even with a permit, there are places where it’s prohibited. Other Colorado cities can make their own rules too. About 39 Colorado counties have declared themselves “Second Amendment Sanctuaries,” which basically means they limit how they enforce state gun laws. But that doesn’t mean state laws don’t apply.
One more thing. You cannot carry firearms near polling places on election day. That’s considered election intimidation now.
Firearm Storage Laws
Colorado takes storage seriously. Really seriously.
You have to store guns responsibly when you’re not using them. That usually means keeping the gun on you, in a locked safe, in a secure container, or with a locking device. The whole point is preventing unsupervised kids and other unauthorized people from accessing firearms.
If you keep a gun in your vehicle, it has to be in a locked container out of plain view. Think locked glove compartment or locked center console. Don’t just leave it on the seat. Violating this is a civil infraction. You could face up to $100 in fines.
If you lose or steal a firearm, you have five days to report it to police. First offense? That’s a $25 civil infraction. It’s small, but it’s still a violation.
Failing to properly store a firearm is a class 2 misdemeanor. That means up to 120 days in jail and/or $250 to $1,000 in fines.
Who Cannot Own Guns in Colorado
Colorado law prohibits certain people from owning or possessing firearms. You’re prohibited if you:
Have a felony conviction (especially for violent crimes) Have a protection order against you Have a domestic violence conviction Are under a mental health commitment Are subject to an Extreme Risk Protection Order (“red flag” order)
Recently, Colorado added motor vehicle theft to the list of felony convictions that prohibit gun ownership. So if you’re convicted of stealing a car, you can’t own firearms.
Extreme Risk Protection Orders (Red Flag Laws)
Colorado has what’s called a “red flag” law. Here’s how it works.
Family members, household members, or law enforcement officers can ask a court for an Extreme Risk Protection Order. This happens if someone poses a significant risk of harming themselves or others. A judge looks at the evidence. If the judge agrees, they can issue a temporary order. That person can’t possess firearms while the order is in effect.
Later, there’s a hearing where the person gets to argue against the order. A longer-term order might be issued if the judge finds enough evidence. During the time the order is in effect, having a gun is a crime. Violations can result in criminal charges.
Penalties for Breaking Gun Laws
Wondering what happens if you mess up? The penalties vary based on what you do.
Carrying a concealed weapon without a permit is a class 1 misdemeanor on first offense. You could face up to 364 days in jail and/or $1,000 in fines. A second offense within five years becomes a class 5 felony. That means 1 to 3 years in prison plus mandatory parole, and/or up to $5,000 in fines.
Possessing a gun while drunk or high is also a class 1 misdemeanor. Up to 364 days in jail and/or $1,000 in fines. Having a valid concealed carry permit doesn’t protect you from this. If you’re intoxicated, you can’t have a gun. Period.
Aiming a gun at someone without justification is a class 1 misdemeanor. That’s up to 364 days in jail and/or $1,000 in fines. A second offense is a class 5 felony.
Carrying a prohibited weapon (like certain types of knives or brass knuckles) is a class 1 misdemeanor. Up to 364 days in jail and/or $1,000 in fines. A second offense within five years is a class 5 felony.
See the pattern? Firearms violations escalate quickly. That second offense becomes a felony. A felony conviction for a weapon charge can cause you to lose your right to own firearms permanently.
Denver-Specific Rules
Denver has its own gun laws on top of Colorado state law. And they’re stricter.
You cannot open carry in Denver. At all. Even with a concealed carry permit, there are places you can’t carry. Denver bars open carry in public parks and publicly owned buildings. You can face fines of $500 to $5,000 and up to 18 months in jail for violating Denver’s laws.
When transporting a firearm in Denver, it must be unloaded and in a compartment that passengers can’t access (like the trunk). Ammunition must be stored separately.
Private firearm transfers in Denver must go through a licensed dealer and include a background check. It’s stricter than state law allows.
Special Situations and Exceptions
Private Transfers
If you want to sell or transfer a firearm to another person, that transfer has to go through a licensed dealer. The dealer runs a background check. The Colorado Bureau of Investigation approves or denies the transfer. You can’t just hand a gun to someone. Even private sales require a dealer in the middle.
Hunting and Sport Shooting
Hunting rifles and shotguns aren’t affected by the new semiautomatic restrictions. Most hunting rifles (with fixed magazines) are fine. Sport shooters can compete and train with firearms that comply with state law. Military and law enforcement get certain exemptions.
Traveling Through Colorado
If you’re driving through Colorado from another state, you don’t need to worry if your firearms comply with your home state’s laws. Colorado has a “peaceable journey” law. You can transport firearms through the state without violating Colorado law, even if your guns wouldn’t be legal to own here. But don’t stop and try to buy ammunition or sell your guns. That’s when you’ll run into problems.
How to Get a Concealed Carry Permit
Okay, here’s the practical stuff. If you want to carry a concealed handgun, here’s what you do.
First, complete your 8-hour firearms training course with a certified instructor. The course covers safe gun handling, Colorado and federal firearm laws, de-escalation, crisis intervention, and live-fire training.
Second, submit your application to your county sheriff’s office. You’ll need to provide proof of completing the training. They’ll run a background check.
Third, pay the required fees. Fees vary by county, but expect to pay something.
Fourth, the sheriff has the authority to approve or deny your application. They’re not required to tell you yes. They can deny it if they have safety concerns or credibility issues. If they deny you, you can ask for a hearing before a judge.
Fifth, if approved, you get your permit. It’s valid for five years. When you renew, you need that 2-hour refresher course.
The permit must be on you whenever you carry a concealed handgun. It’s not optional. Carry without it, and you’re breaking the law.
Recent Changes and What’s Coming
Colorado’s gun laws changed dramatically in 2025. The three major laws we discussed are just part of it. Other changes happening:
Gun dealers now need a Colorado state permit in addition to their federal license. That started in 2025. In July 2026, dealers can request a firearm serial number check from law enforcement before buying weapons. They have 72 hours to get the results. This helps prevent straw purchases and stolen firearms from ending up in the supply chain.
Colorado is developing a notification system (if funding allows) that tells people protected by a protection order when someone tries to buy a gun. So if you have a protection order against someone, you might get notified if they attempt to purchase a firearm.
Carrying a firearm (or even a fake gun or toy gun) near a polling place is now election intimidation. That’s a relatively new classification.
These laws are subject to legal challenges. Some gun rights groups argue they violate the Second Amendment. Some of these cases might go to federal court or even the Supreme Court. But for now, these are the laws you need to follow.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need a permit to buy a handgun in Colorado? Starting January 1, 2025, all federally licensed firearms dealers need a Colorado state permit. But regular people don’t need a purchase permit for handguns. For semiautomatic rifles with detachable magazines, you need that Firearm Safety Course Eligibility Card starting August 1, 2026.
Can I own a gun if I have a felony conviction? Generally, no. Felons can’t own firearms in Colorado or federally. Motor vehicle theft is now included in felony convictions that prohibit gun ownership.
Do out-of-state concealed carry permits work in Colorado? No. Colorado doesn’t recognize out-of-state permits. You need a Colorado-issued permit. The only exception is if you’re military permanently stationed in Colorado and your immediate family members living with you.
What if I already own a semiautomatic rifle covered by the new law? You can keep it. The law doesn’t take existing firearms. But you can’t transfer, sell, or give it away. Future transfers are restricted once the law fully takes effect on August 1, 2026.
What’s the difference between open carry and concealed carry? Open carry means the gun is visible. Concealed carry means it’s hidden (not visible through ordinary observation). Colorado allows open carry statewide except in Denver and other places with local restrictions. Concealed carry requires a permit and training.
Can I carry a gun in a national forest or national park in Colorado? National forests: Yes, but you must follow state and federal law. National parks: No. Federal law prohibits firearms in federal facilities like visitor centers. Some national parks may allow it in certain areas; check with the specific park.
What happens if I carry a concealed gun without a permit? First offense is a class 1 misdemeanor. That’s up to 364 days in jail and/or $1,000 in fines. A second offense within five years is a class 5 felony. Think of it like a traffic ticket, but way more serious.
Your Next Steps
Now you know the basics. But gun laws are complex, and they vary by location. Here’s what I recommend.
If you’re thinking about buying a gun, talk to a licensed firearms dealer. They can explain which firearms you can buy and what the process looks like. They know the current rules and can walk you through it.
If you have a gun and want to carry it concealed, find a certified firearms instructor and take that 8-hour course. Your county sheriff’s office can recommend instructors. Don’t assume your old training certificate still works. It doesn’t.
Check your local city and county rules too. Some places have restrictions stricter than state law. Spend 10 minutes checking your city’s website. It could save you a lot of trouble.
If you’re transporting guns across state lines, research Colorado’s laws before you enter. The peaceable journey law is good, but it only works if you’re passing through. Don’t stop to buy or sell.
And here’s the honest truth: if you’re unsure about any of this, talk to a firearms attorney or a law enforcement officer. They can give you specific advice for your situation. Gun laws are serious. Getting it wrong can have major consequences.
Final Thoughts
Colorado’s gun laws are strict and they’re getting stricter. But they’re also detailed and specific. If you understand the rules, you can follow them. The key is knowing what applies to you and your situation.
The major changes in 2026 affect gun shows, semiautomatic firearms, and ammunition sales. If you’re already a gun owner, most of these don’t change what you can keep. But if you want to buy something new, plan ahead. Permits, training, and waiting periods take time.
Stay informed, follow the rules, and when in doubt, ask a lawyer or your local sheriff. Now you know what Colorado law says about guns. Use this information to stay safe and legal.
References
- SB25-003 Semiautomatic Firearms & Rapid-Fire Devices – Colorado General Assembly official legislation
- Colorado Gun Laws – Colorado Department of Public Safety official resource
- The 12 Gun Bills Passed by Colorado Legislature – Colorado Sun coverage of 2025 legislation
- Colorado’s 2026 Gun Control: Three Laws, Three Deadlines – High Country Advocate detailed analysis
- What Are Colorado Gun Laws? – Current comprehensive gun law information
- Concealed Carry Requirements and Penalties – Shouselaw detailed legal explanation
- Denver Gun Laws Explained – Weber Law Denver-specific regulations
- Colorado Concealed Carry Reciprocity Map – USCCA resource on carry laws
